Chimney materials for apartment buildings. How ventilation is cleaned in apartment buildings

The ventilation system of the house is a common property of the house and it should be serviced by a management company, to which you pay a lot of money every month under the article "maintenance and repair of the dwelling."
It is installed trail. documents:

A. "Rules for the maintenance of common property in an apartment building" (approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of August 13, 2006 N 491):
... 2. The structure of the common property includes:
e) mechanical, electrical, SANITARY-TECHNICAL AND OTHER EQUIPMENT located in an apartment building outside or inside the premises and serving more than one residential and (or) non-residential premises (apartment); "

B. "The minimum list of services and works necessary to ensure the proper maintenance of common property in an apartment building, and the procedure for their provision and implementation" (approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 290 of April 03, 2013)

"... 15. Works performed for the proper maintenance of VENTILATION AND SMOKE EXHAUST systems in apartment buildings:
- maintenance and seasonal management of ventilation and smoke removal systems equipment, determination of the operability of equipment and system elements;
- condition monitoring, identification and elimination of the causes of unacceptable vibrations and noise during the operation of the ventilation unit;
... elimination of leaks in ventilation ducts and mines, elimination of blockages in ducts, elimination of malfunctions of gates and throttle valves in exhaust shafts, umbrellas over mines and deflectors, replacement of defective exhaust grilles and their mountings;
… Monitoring the condition and restoring the anti-corrosion paint of metal exhaust ducts, pipes, pallets and deflectors;
- in case of damage and violations - development of a plan of restoration work (if necessary), carrying out restoration work. "

C. "Rules and norms for the technical operation of the housing stock" (approved by the Decree of the State Construction Committee of the Russian Federation of September 27, 2003 No. 170):

"... V. Maintenance and repair of engineering equipment
… 5.7. Ventilation
5.7.1. Design temperatures, frequency rates and air exchange rates for various premises of residential buildings must comply with established requirements. Natural exhaust ventilation should ensure the removal of the required volume of air from all premises provided for by the project at a current outside air temperature of 5 degrees. From and below….
5.7.2. The personnel servicing the ventilation systems of residential buildings is obliged to perform:
- routine inspections and elimination of all identified system malfunctions;
- replacement of broken exhaust grilles and their fastening;
- elimination of leaks in ventilation ducts and mines;
- elimination of blockages in the channels;
- elimination of malfunctions of gates and throttle valves in exhaust shafts, umbrellas over shafts and deflectors.
… 5.7.7. Ventilation systems in residential buildings should be regulated depending on sharp drops or increases in the current outdoor temperature and strong winds.
Engineering and technical staff of housing maintenance organizations are required to instruct residents on the rules for regulating ventilation systems.
5.7.8. It is not allowed to glue the exhaust ventilation grilles or cover them with household items, as well as use them as fastening ropes for drying clothes ....
5.7.9. The heads of the central exhaust shafts of natural ventilation should have umbrellas and deflectors.
… 5.7.11. The list of deficiencies in the ventilation system, SUBJECT TO ELIMINATION DURING REPAIR of a residential building, should be compiled on the basis of the data of the spring inspection ....

Appendix N 4 (recommended)
LIST OF WORKS FOR MAINTENANCE OF RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
Work performed during technical inspections and by-passes of individual elements and premises of residential buildings
... 6. Checking the presence of draft in the smoke ventilation ducts.

Appendix N 7 (recommended)
LIST OF WORKS RELATED TO RUNNING REPAIRS
… 14. Ventilation
REPLACEMENT AND RESTORATION OF THE FUNCTIONALITY OF THE IN-HOUSE VENTILATION SYSTEM, including the fans themselves and their electric drives. "

G. MDK 2-04.2004 "Methodological manual for the maintenance and repair of the housing stock" (approved by order of the USSR State Construction Committee in 2004):
“… 4.3.6. The housing maintenance organization must:
- keep ventilation ducts and chimneys in good technical condition;

… 4.3.7. Work to eliminate defects of a construction nature, REMEDY OF DISTURBANCES OF DUCT TRACTIONS IDENTIFIED DURING ROUTINE INSPECTIONS, as well as finishing work after installation or repair of internal gas supply devices MUST BE CARRIED OUT BY THE HOUSING SERVICE ORGANIZATION.

… 4.3.12. HOUSING SERVICE ORGANIZATIONS ARE RESPONSIBLE for the technically sound condition of the ventilation ducts. During any work, it is not allowed to eliminate ventilation ducts in kitchens and other rooms equipped with gas heaters. In the process of maintenance of the housing stock, they must ensure periodic checks of the suitability of ventilation ducts and chimneys for operation in the following terms:
… B) ventilation ducts of rooms in which gas appliances are installed - at least twice a year (in winter and summer).
Repair of chimneys and ventilation ducts is allowed to be carried out by the personnel of the organization for the maintenance of the housing stock, having the appropriate specialty and training, under the supervision of an engineer and technical worker.

… 4.3.13. Unauthorized repairs, alterations and building up of chimneys and ventilation ducts are not allowed. Inspection and cleaning of chimneys and ventilation ducts should be DRAFTED BY ACTS. After each repair, chimneys and ventilation ducts are subject to inspection and cleaning, regardless of the previous inspection and cleaning, within the time limits established in the acts.

Appendix 2
LIST OF WORKS INCLUDED IN THE PAYMENT FOR HOUSING REPAIR (current repair)
… 14. Ventilation:
change of individual sections and elimination of leaks in ventilation ducts, shafts and chambers; ... "

The concept of ventilation was known in ancient Rome and meant measures for the ventilation of premises. Things are much more complicated nowadays.

Diagram of the ventilation system in an apartment building.

For example, many residents of apartment buildings, where common ventilation shafts are installed, sometimes have very serious problems with the air condition in their homes.

What is ventilation for?

Reasons for the need for ventilation

The main task of ventilation is to maintain clean air in living quarters. It must be kept in good condition and for hygienic reasons. With poorly working ventilation, not only the condition of the apartment worsens, but also the health of the people living in it. The exhaust air that goes into the ventilation takes with it dust particles, various harmful microorganisms, and unwanted substances contained in the room. Thanks to normal ventilation, it is possible to regulate heat and humidity in the house - with timely ventilation, the excess of them goes away, preventing mold and rot.

With the timely cleaning of ventilation, the ventilation process turns out to be regular, which is correct in sanitary terms. With additional equipment with different types of fans, cleaning can be performed less often, but this does not negate the need to regularly clean the ventilation system as a whole.

How to tell if it's time to clean your ventilation system

If dust or cobwebs have accumulated around the ventilation inlets, then it's time to clean the entire system.

Pay attention to signs that indicate the need for the next cleaning of the ventilation system. Here are the simplest of them: fine dust, cobwebs, and other debris accumulate around the ventilation entrances. V summer time the room heats up faster, even after the most thorough cleaning, dust quickly appears. This means that something needs to be done as soon as possible to clean up the atmosphere in the room.

In this respect, apartment buildings have the following feature: since the ventilation system is common, pollution from many apartments gets into a common shaft, and gradually it can get clogged.

There are other ways to determine when it is time to clean the ventilation. Pay attention to drafts that occur when opening front doors or windows. If the draft was quite noticeable, and after a while it disappeared or weakened - it's time to call the housing office workers.

The efficiency of ventilation can be checked with a lit match.

You can also use this method to determine the degree of ventilation cleanliness: bring a lighted match to the ventilation hole. Do not get carried away - if you bring a match very close, and a cobweb has accumulated in the ventilation shaft, it can burst into flames. A similar check can be carried out with a strip of thin paper - the simplest one, newsprint, will do.

On the basis of an even flame that does not deviate towards the decorative grill covering the ventilation hole, it can be concluded that the mine is clogged and needs urgent cleaning. With normal air circulation in houses, the flame tilts towards the shaft, and in some cases it simply goes out. With this behavior, cleaning the ventilation is optional, but if it was last cleaned at least six months ago, it is still advisable to do a little work.

How to clean ventilation in an apartment

At first glance, if the representatives of public utilities fulfill their duties in a timely manner, there is no need to independently take measures to clean the air ducts. But in reality, everything is somewhat different. The ventilation structure must perform the following functions:

The scheme of ventilation in the apartment: 1 - air flow zone; 2 - air flow zone; 3 - air exhaust zone

ensure that a sufficient amount of air enters the room;

give along with the air spent in the cleaning process, harmful microscopic particles that can cause Negative influence on people's health;

perform the functions of a thermal regulator, control the humidity in the apartment.

Cleaning the ventilation risers in an apartment building should be carried out only by specialists, but you can urgently clean the air duct in your own apartment yourself. With the low efficiency of these actions, the fact of the need to clean the ventilation riser is once again confirmed. This means that you need to contact the building company with this request as soon as possible.

To clean the ventilation well inside the apartment, remove the protective grill from it and wash it well. It is advisable to use a detergent capable of breaking down grease: it will create a film on the surface of the grate, which will help it stay clean longer. Remove dirt and debris from the outside of the open hole. If deposits are stuck to the wall, use a trowel, but do not use chemical cleaners.

Removing dirt from the inside

Industrial method of cleaning air ducts

Each of the ventilation vents in the apartment must be checked separately. If you are testing using a lighter, hold it up one at a time to all openings and check if the flame direction or the angle of deflection of the newspaper is different if a newspaper strip is used. Deviations can signal that there is a blockage in the middle of the room. Here, a dish brush or a thin steel cable will come to your aid, which must be placed in an outlet and thoroughly cleaned from the inside. You can use thin aluminum wire. The cleaning procedure should be carried out along the entire channel. The remaining debris can be removed with a vacuum cleaner. Place his hose in the shaft and try to cover as much space as possible by moving it in different directions.

The industrial method of cleaning air ducts involves the use of professional equipment. It will not only allow you to clearly see the dirt, but also more thoroughly cleans the channels, and also allows you to perform disinfection. This cleaning method makes it possible to remove any debris, whatever its origin.

If it is not possible to use professional equipment and it is decided to carry out the cleaning yourself, you must take precautions. Sometimes inside the ventilation ducts there are hornets' nests with live insects or other equally dangerous creatures. But, taking on such work, one must remember that cleaning the ventilation of an apartment building is the responsibility of the owners of the building or the organization that serves it. An ordinary occupant is not allowed to work inside the main duct. The relevant authorities must promptly clean the central air ducts, and if they neglect their duties, they must be filed with a complaint.

But in your apartment, you can clean the ventilation in the above way - with a vacuum cleaner or a brush.

It is quite possible that these measures will be sufficient and the room will be fully ventilated. If your actions did not help correct the situation, you need to clean the common ventilation well in the house, and for this you need to invite specialists.

You can install special fans on the vents to help increase air circulation in the room. If this does not help, you can install a hood.

The numerous advantages that ventilation systems have, oblige residents of both multi-storey and low-rise buildings to regularly take care of the cleanliness of ventilation vents, and preventive measures should be taken. The more attentive you are to the timely execution of such work, the more comfort and clean air will be in your home.

Make a fireplace Home / Chimney - important points CHIMNEYS AND VENTILATION - RULES OF OPERATION Contents 1 Operation of ventilation ducts and chimneys 1.1 Common causes of malfunctions 1.2 Rules and advice for operation 2 Inspection, cleaning and repair 2.1 Methods of inspection of smoke and ventilation ducts 2.2 Inspection objects 2.3 Cleaning and repair Poor draft is not only a problem for owners of private houses with stove heating or wood burning fireplace, but also city dwellers, in whose apartments there are problems due to poor ventilation. This happens because chimneys and ventilation ducts are poorly or irregularly maintained. Chimney The air we breathe has a great impact on our well-being and health, and the harmful impurities contained in it can not only harm, but also lead to very sad consequences. Pathogens entering a room from dirty ventilation ducts can cause serious illness, and carbon monoxide entering the house due to poor chimney draft is often the cause of death. It follows from this that ventilation and chimneys must be properly operated and regularly inspected so that any malfunctions can be detected in time and eliminated. OPERATION OF VENTILATION DUCTS AND CHIMNEYS The most common causes of malfunctions There can be many reasons for poor operation of flue ducts and ventilation systems, and most of them are associated with the irresponsibility of their owners. If a lack of proper draft is observed in newly installed stoves and fireplaces, this is most likely a mistake by the builders who improperly installed the chimney. Inoperative supply and exhaust ventilation in apartments is also most often associated with design errors, but sometimes ventilation ducts and chimneys are simply used by workers during the construction of a building as a garbage chute. Clogged channels are unable to cope with their task. Clogging can also occur through no fault of a person, when foreign objects from the outside - dust, cobwebs, leaves, birds - enter the channels. In addition, during operation, there is a natural deposition of dirt on the inner walls of the smoke (soot) and air (dust, grease) channels. Dirt build-up on the walls of the ventilation duct Burning in stoves and fireplaces of household waste and firewood with a high content of tar or poorly dried firewood also causes quick clogging of chimneys. Finally, poor draft can occur not only due to clogging, but also as a result of malfunctions of chimneys and ventilation ducts, appearing due to building shrinkage, corrosion, cracks and collapses, aging of the material from which the channels are made. Rules and tips for use Since big number fires and carbon monoxide poisoning is due to the fact that the chimney and ventilation do not cope with their functions, special rules for their operation and pipe-furnace work have been developed. They are combined with the requirements for the operation of ventilation shafts and ducts, since correct work ventilation is equally important to human health. The main provisions of these rules are as follows: The chimneys of fireplaces and stoves operating on solid fuels must be checked and cleaned before and after each heating season. The chimneys of continuously operating stoves are checked every 2–3 months. Important. Chimneys made of different materials have their own standards for the frequency of inspection. The ventilation ducts of the premises where gas appliances are installed should be checked twice a year - in summer and winter. If the inspection of ventilation ducts and chimneys revealed serious malfunctions that require repair, it is prohibited to use gas and heating devices until they are eliminated. Only licensed organizations, whose employees have proper training, are allowed to repair. They can start work after the act of checking ventilation ducts and chimneys has been drawn up. These rules must be strictly observed both by the owners of private houses and by organizations responsible for the maintenance and maintenance of apartment buildings. Attention! Ventilation and chimney should not be subject to unauthorized alterations, repairs, build-ups! All these actions must be coordinated with the relevant services. In addition to following the mandatory rules, it is advisable to observe the following recommendations: Do not burn household waste, especially plastic bags and bottles, in the furnace or fireplace. Clean ash from the firebox and blower regularly. Use only well dried quality wood. To increase the draft in the pipe or channel and create a forced exhaust, install an exhaust fan for the chimney. This advice is especially relevant for chimneys with insufficient internal cross-sections. Fireplace exhauster fan For reference. The most effective is a chimney fan operating in two modes. At low wind speeds and insufficient traction, it is powered by an electric motor. When the wind increases, the engine is turned off and the fan rotates due to the wind force, increasing the draft in the smoke channel. Head (chimney) with a protective grill Install a protective cap with a mesh on the chimney to prevent debris from entering the channel (see How to make a chimney). V winter time it is necessary to regularly inspect the heads to prevent them from freezing and blocking the channels. INSPECTION, CLEANING AND REPAIRS Methods of inspection of smoke and ventilation ducts Inspection of chimneys and ventilation ducts can be carried out in the classical way - with the help of a load and a ruff on a rope. But today, for examination, they increasingly resort to more modern methods using digital photo and video cameras equipped with spotlights. There are also special devices that allow you to quickly and effortlessly assess the traction force. Checking the draft in the ventilation duct Based on the results of the check, an act of inspection of ventilation ducts and chimneys is drawn up, drawn up in the form of a technical report of the established form, and a conclusion is issued with recommendations for their repair and installation. Objects of the survey During the survey, it is necessary to establish: The cross-section of the channels and the materials from which they are made. The length of the channels and the marks at which their narrowings, connections, bends occur. As well as marks of detected cracks and congestions. The presence of horizontal sections. Isolation of channels. Density of channels. The condition of the heads. The presence of traction. The presence or absence of a wind support zone. Condition of cleaning hatches. Condition of fire protection sections. Tightness of the connecting pipes. General state channels. When inspecting ventilation ducts, the condition of the exhaust shafts, ducts and air intake grilles is also checked. Based on the data received, an act of checking chimneys and ventilation ducts is drawn up. Cleaning and repairs As well as inspection, cleaning of chimneys and ventilation shafts can be carried out different ways- traditional and modern (see How to clean a chimney). Chimney cleaning equipment In the first case, the classic chimney sweep inventory is used: ropes, ladders, brushes, ruffs, weights. But it is much more efficient to use modern equipment: industrial vacuum cleaners for removing soot and mechanical units with various nozzles that allow you to remove any type of contamination both in vertical and horizontal sections of chimneys and air ducts. After the certificate of inspection of chimneys and ventilation ducts has been received, indicating serious malfunctions, it is necessary to make a decision on their repair. Otherwise, the use of heating devices is prohibited, and violation of the prohibition can lead to serious consequences. At the moment, the repair of chimneys and ventilation ducts is not difficult and is done quickly enough. The most common method of reconstruction of brick channels is their sleeve - installation of a metal or ceramic pipe into the channel cavity. If the cross-section of the channel does not allow for sleeve sealing, they resort to lining it with special compounds or lining with polymer liners.

Edited:

To argue that the owner is right, the following main arguments can be used:

1. Necessary work does not apply to major repairs, but to maintenance, or even to housing maintenance.
Confirmation of this must be sought primarily in.
In the case of chimneys, it clearly states that:

5.5.6. Housing maintenance organization should:
- contain in a technically sound condition ventilation ducts and chimneys;
- ensure the tightness and tightness of chimneys, good condition and location of the head with respect to the roof and closely located structures and trees without a zone of wind support;
- ensure the good condition of the heads of the smoke and ventilation ducts and the absence of trees that create a zone of wind support<...>

16. Work carried out for the purpose proper maintenance of stoves, fireplaces and hearths in apartment buildings:
- determining the integrity of structures and checking the performance of chimneys of stoves, fireplaces and hearths;
- elimination of malfunctions of stoves, fireplaces and hearths, entailing a violation of fire safety requirements and gas leakage, as well as icing of the heads of chimneys (chimneys);
- cleaning of chimneys and furnace pipes from soot;
- elimination of blockages in the smoke channels.

2.1.1. <...>
General examinations should be done twice a year: in spring and autumn (before the start of the heating season).

2.1.4. Inspection results should be reflected in special documents for recording the technical condition of buildings: magazines, passports, acts.
<...>
2.1.5. The organization for servicing the housing stock, on the basis of inspection and examination reports, must, within a month:
a) draw up a list (based on the results of the spring inspection) of activities and establish the amount of work required to prepare the building and its engineering equipment for operation in the next winter period;
b) clarify the scope of work on current repairs(based on the results of the spring inspection for the current year and the autumn inspection - for the next year), as well as identify malfunctions and damages, the elimination of which requires major repairs;
<...>
Elimination of minor faults, as well as adjustment and adjustment of sanitary appliances and engineering equipment should generally be carried out by a housing maintenance organization.

2.6.2. When preparing the housing stock for operation in the winter should:
- troubleshoot: walls, facades, roofs, attic floors and above technical undergrounds (basements), driveways, window and door fillings, as well as heating furnaces, chimneys, gas ducts, internal systems of heat, water and power supply and installations with gas heaters<...>
2.6.4. The schedule for preparing the housing stock and its engineering equipment for operation in winter conditions is drawn up by the owner of the housing stock or an organization for its maintenance and approved by local authorities based on the results of the spring inspection and shortcomings identified over the past period.
2.6.10. The readiness of housing and communal services facilities for operation in winter conditions is confirmed by the presence of:
- certificates of readiness of the house for use in winter conditions (Appendix N 9);
<...>
- certificates of readiness for winter with an assessment of the quality of preparation of buildings and apartments for winter and an act for each facility, as well as certificates for testing, flushing, adjustment of cold, hot water supply and heating systems.

Appendix No. 2 to the Rules sets the deadlines for troubleshooting:
- Leakage in chimneys and gas ducts and their interface with furnaces - 1 day.
- Cracks and malfunctions in stoves, chimneys and gas ducts, which can cause poisoning of residents with flue gases and threaten the fire safety of the building - 1 day (with immediate termination of operation until corrected).

It is nonsense to insist on houses when the malfunction affects only a few apartments. Especially if the house has several entrances, and the fault is only in one.

Chimney in an apartment building

Special chimneys are more often used in new projects of low-rise buildings. in the apartments of which the presence of a fireplace is provided. As a rule, a chimney in an apartment building (5, 9 and more floors) does not exist. Their role is played by ventilation ducts, which are located on each riser. This is due to the fact that in such a structure, heating and gas systems are represented by pipes for the central supply of the house. City services are responsible for their condition and the supply of gas and heating. These communication pipes are located in the basement of a multi-storey building. There are other options though.

Chimney device in a multi-storey apartment building

Ventilation duct operation

Ventilation ducts in the house facilitate the removal of gas vapors in the event of a leak gas pipe in the basement itself or on the riser. Also, thanks to such a system, all apartments have special ventilation windows through which gas vapors escape. Ventilation pipes rise up to the very roof from the basement.

Such chimneys are built during the construction of a house along with the building wall, most often made of bricks.

Inside, the ventilation ducts are not finished with anything, since such work can affect the quality of the removal of harmful gases, their width reaches 50 cm.In practice, there are square and rectangular pipes, in this situation it all depends on the type of structure and its size.

Diagram of the device of ventilation ducts in a multi-storey panel building

The maintenance of such chimneys is carried out by the city services of the ZhEK. They must clean the chimney thoroughly once a year in the summer. In the course of such work, the condition of the pipes for gas and heating supplies is also checked.

Autonomous heating in the apartment

Today, modern technologies allow disconnecting from the central heating system and connecting to an autonomous supply. For such actions, it is necessary to obtain an appropriate permit from the gas industry. Its specialists visit the site and draw up a project for autonomous heating. After that, an individual chimney is installed.

• modern gas boilers;
• columns;
• convectors.

Each such equipment has its own chimney systems and pipes, which can be in the wall or with access to the roof along the outer wall. Everything will depend on where the equipment is located.

Diagram of the device for autonomous heating of apartment buildings

At the moment, many gas boilers are installed in the kitchen to provide autonomous heating.

To do this, it is necessary to provide them with sufficient space and comply with all established safety standards:

1. There must be a minimum distance of 50 cm from the equipment (gas boiler) to furniture.
2. The equipment should be located near a ventilation duct so that in the event of an internal gas leak, vapors can escape from the room into the ventilation window.
3. Before installing the gas boiler, you need to clean the ventilation ducts with high quality.
4. The equipment is installed on the wall or on the floor. To do this, there must be a refractory finishing material (ceramic tiles) on the surface.
5. Ensure that vapors escape through an additional chimney, which is located in the wall.

At the moment there are single-circuit ones that provide only room heating, and double-circuit boilers for heating rooms and heating water. In order to use a double-circuit boiler, it is necessary to obtain permission from the Gorvodokanal.

The device of single-circuit and double-circuit heating boilers

Heating in an apartment building

At the moment, apartment buildings can be not only multi-storey ones. Great popularity in Lately began to acquire cottage townships. Buildings with several floors and many apartments. A chimney in an apartment building can be represented unified system... In practice, you can also observe several chimneys that come out of each individual apartment. Everything here directly depends on the heating system in the cottage. It can be single (central) or autonomous for each tenant.

Project of a modern cottage town

As a rule, in such a building, an autonomous gas heating system is used with the same equipment as for autonomous heating of an apartment. There are rules and regulations for its installation and safe use. In some cases, a separate room is built in the apartments, in which a gas boiler is installed, a boiler room.

Advice. Such a room must have a size of at least 2 square meters. m. Thus, you can get unhindered access to the equipment in the event of a breakdown or gas leak.

Also, the boiler room must have a good ventilation system, except existing chimney... To do this, you can use an artificial ventilation system, which is a modern automatic hood or a natural one, consisting of lined ventilation ducts from the basement to the roof of the building. The boiler room in the house is finished with ceramic tiles or plaster; it is recommended to use only tiles on the floor.

There are several types of boilers that are used to heat a cottage building with numerous apartments: parapet gas boilers and gas water heaters.

Diagram of the device of an autonomous heating system in a three-story apartment building

Parapet boiler and chimney for it

Parapet boilers are one of the varieties of a smokeless heating system. They all have rectangular shape and are equipped with a special combustion chamber. In order to ensure a high-quality combustion process, it will be necessary to equip the system for supplying and removing air from the chamber. For this, the boiler has several holes through which the flow of air masses and the removal of combustion products are carried out.

Diagram of the device and installation of a parapet boiler

Thus, carbon monoxide, which is harmful to human health, cannot enter the room. In order for the combustion products to go out into the street normally, a kind of chimney (hole) is being built in the wall of the building. This type of boiler can be used in any building, even where the construction of a chimney is not provided for in the design.

Since the parapet boiler works not only from gas supply, but also from electricity, then all the necessary connections for such communications should be carried out only by specialists in this field. These are a kind of safety measures that must be followed when choosing this equipment for heating a room.

Gas boiler and the device of its chimney

Conventional gas boilers and water heaters operate only from the gas supply; a pipe is connected to them during the installation process. It can be separate and go from the basement, or a tie-in into the pipe, which is located in the apartment, is carried out.

The connection of such equipment should be handled by gas specialists. It is not recommended to carry out these actions on your own.

For such equipment, it is imperative to build a chimney. As a rule, it is made of bricks. Such equipment works quite simply. For its normal and stable operation in the room where the gas boiler is installed, you will need a high-quality ventilation system.

Diagram of a gas boiler device and its connection to a chimney

For the construction of a chimney in an apartment building or in a private house, where there is a gas heating system or a fireplace, brick is used.

Brick laying should be carried out using a special lime mortar. This is necessary because the combustion products that pass through the chimney are combined with air and soot is formed. It is also possible that due to the difference in temperature conditions, condensate will collect inside the chimney brick pipe.

All this can destroy the building material. As a result of this, bricks can break off, which will fall down the chimney and block the normal exhaust of gases and harmful substances.

Advice. To prevent this from happening, the "pipe in pipe" technology is used. For this, a condensate drain pipe is run inside the chimney. Otherwise, over time, it will be necessary to replace the brick chimney.

A brick chimney can be wall or root. When choosing a type of construction, you should pay attention to the heating and ventilation system in the house.

Do not forget that the chimney in the house must be closed with a special visor. This protects the pipe from rain, snow and gusty winds. This is a safety measure that is also recommended to be followed.

Simple metal visor to protect the chimney

Chimney cleaning in an apartment building

Chimney cleaning in an apartment building is carried out by special government services. There are also private companies that carry out such a process very efficiently for a certain fee.

Cleaning should be done at least once a year. It can be done before turning on the heating equipment or after the end of the heating season. Ideally, two cleanings are carried out per year. Thus, the safety of the residents of the whole house and the quality of the removal of carbon monoxide and harmful substances are ensured.

This process is carried out using special equipment or metal brushes. It will be much easier and more efficient to use the equipment, since the use of metal brushes can take quite a long period of time. If the apartment has autonomous heating, then cleaning the chimney will not be difficult.

In a private house, such a process does not take much time and if the boiler works on solid fuel, that is, special logs that must be burned at the right time. They clean the chimney pipe from condensation and soot.

On this you can see what methods of chimney cleaning are used in a private country house or in a bathhouse.

Chimney types

All chimney pipes are divided into:

The suspended chimney system is mounted on the outer wall of the building. Walls are placed inside the wall, and very often brick is used for their construction. Indigenous chimney systems are a pipe that is located next to heating equipment or a stove.

For the construction of the chimney, pipes are used:

• asbestos-cement,
• metal,
• sandwich pipes,
• modular,
• ceramic.

Asbestos-cement pipes are quite practical. They are used to mount a separate chimney, which can be in the wall or in contact with the wall of the building. Such pipes are very often inserted into a brick chimney. The gap between them and the brick is poured with strong concrete mortar.

Chimney from asbestos pipe

If asbestos-cement pipes are located on the outer wall of the building, then they must be protected from the effects of weather or climate. For this, a concrete solution is used and a special box is constructed. If the pipe is outside the building, then it is necessary to make ventilation windows in it, which will close and open. With their help, you can carry out a high-quality rejection gas formations and increase the draft in the boiler. If such a pipe is installed in a multi-storey building, then the windows should be located at the bottom and top of the pipe.

Chimney out metal pipes is the most common option for modern apartment buildings

Metal pipes are used to make an outdoor chimney. They can go along the entire outer wall to the very roof, or they can simply be in the form of an exit from the wall. Such structures are made of high-quality stainless material. To insulate them for the winter period of the year, it is necessary to place a layer of special insulation, which is closed with another pipe, resulting in a "pipe in a pipe".

How is the installation of an external chimney in a high-rise multi-storey building, you can look at this

Advice. You can also use mineral wool to insulate the pipe.

Sandwich pipes are a fairly simple design that uses a sleeve system. Only between such pipes is there a layer of insulating material.

Modular and ceramic pipes are fairly easy to assemble. But there is no way to meet them in standard multi-storey buildings. Most often they are used in private houses or in cottage apartment buildings.

Also, this type of pipe is used to make a brick chimney. They are laid inside the main chimney. The distance between the brick pipe and the ceramic pipe can be filled with concrete mortar or special mineral insulating materials can be used.

Which pipe to give preference to for the construction of a chimney

The choice of chimney pipe directly depends on the heating system. Brick ventilation ducts are used in multi-storey apartment buildings. This is due to the fact that the entire structure can be erected using such a building material. If the house is panel, then very often asbestos-cement pipes are used for the manufacture of a chimney (ventilation). Ceramic and metal are much more expensive.

As for autonomous heating in an apartment, it is better to give preference to metal or ceramic chimneys. They can pass through the walls and go out to the roof itself, but only along the outer wall of the building.

In this case, the pipes are fastened with special metal holders that are mounted on the wall of the building. The chimney in an apartment building is cleaned by hand using metal brushes.

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